Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Molecular Mechanisms for the Adaptive Switching Between the OAS/RNase L and OASL/RIG-I Pathways in Birds and Mammals

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01398

Figure Lengend Snippet: Duck and ostrich OASL proteins inhibit a broad range of RNA virus replications and the loss of chicken OASL enhances these RNA virus replications. Cells infected with virus were harvested at the indicated time points and subjected to EID50 assays or TCID50 assays on MDCK, DF1, Vero, or BHK21 cells (two–tailed Student’s t -test, n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SD. * P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01. (A,B) DF1 dOASL+/+ cells have fewer DK/49 (A) and GS/65 (B) virus. DF1 dRIG-I+/+ cells were a positive control for antiviral activity. (C) DF1 dOASL+/+ cells exhibited lower level than NC cells, while DF1 OASL−/− (chicken OASL-deficient DF1) cells had higher level than wild-type DF1 cells, of CK/0513 virus. NC is chicken DF1 cell expressing empty vector. (D) DF1 cells expressing oOASL exhibited lower level of CK/0513 virus titers. (E–G) DF1 dOASL+/+ cells produced fewer, while DF1 OASL−/− cells had more replication of NDV (E) , IBDV (F) , and REOV (G) virus. (H–J) DF1 cells expressing oOASL showed a severe reduction in virus titers of NDV (H) , IBDV (I) , and REOV (J) virus. (K) IBRS2 cells expressing dOASL had significantly lower FMDV virus titer.

Article Snippet: DF1 (Chicken embryonic fibroblasts cells), 293T (human embryonic kidney 293T cells), A549 (human alveolar basal epithelial cells), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma cells), Vero (African green monkey kidney cells), MDCK (Madin-Darby canine kidney cells), BHK21 (baby hamster kidney fibroblast cells), and C2C12 (murine myoblast cells) were purchased from American Type Culture Collection.

Techniques: Virus, Infection, Two Tailed Test, Positive Control, Activity Assay, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Produced